N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, principally docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, present important group of fatty acids in correct diet of people. They have antiinflammatory, antithrombotic, antiarrythmic, hypolipidemic and vasodilatory properties.

These beneficial effects have been shown in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and in some autoimmune diseases. Carried research showed beneficial effects in prevention and treatment some chronic diseases of respiratory system.

This paper sums up current reports about role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in prevention and treatment of some pulmonary diseases.